The main models of addiction are the Disease Model, the Choice Model, the Developmental Model, the Motivational Model, and the Relapse Model.
The Disease Model is based on the idea that addiction is an illness like any other, and should be treated in the same way. According to this model, addiction is caused by an alteration in brain chemistry and is viewed as an uncontrollable behavior that needs to be addressed with long-term intensive treatment and rehabilitation.
The Choice Model of addiction sees addiction as the result of an individual’s decision-making process and beliefs about their own capability to control their behavior. People who subscribe to this model see addiction as a result of personal choice and believe that the person should take responsibility for their own behavior and become actively involved in their own recovery.
The Developmental Model of addiction states that addiction is a result of social and physical factors, such as a person’s environment, genetics, or psychological state. This model views addiction as the result of long-term exposure to certain conditions, and that changing these can prevent addiction.
The Motivational Model of addiction is the belief that addictive behavior is driven by intrinsic motivations, such as a need for acceptance or recognition. People who subscribe to this model believe that addiction can be managed through recognizing these motivations and then providing appropriate coping strategies.
Finally, the Relapse Model of addiction sees relapses as part of the addiction recovery process. This model identifies a number of predictors that can lead to a relapse, such as environmental triggers or personal attributes, and aims to reduce the risk of relapsing by helping individuals develop strategies to cope and manage their own addiction.
What are the 6 types of drug dependence?
The six types of drug dependence are physical dependence, psychological dependence, tolerance, withdrawal, intoxication, and cross-tolerance.
Physical dependence occurs when the body adapts to the presence of a drug and becomes reliant on it in order to maintain itself. When the drug is suddenly taken away, physical withdrawal symptoms can occur that range from mild to intense depending on the severity of the dependence.
Psychological dependence occurs when a person believes they need the drug to cope with uncomfortable feelings and/or life stressors. They may use the drug to avoid feeling emotions such as sadness or anxiety, or to avoid dealing with difficult issues in their life.
Tolerance occurs when a person needs ever increasing doses of the drug to feel the same level of effect as before. This is caused by the body adapting to the drug and needing higher doses to produce the same effect.
Withdrawal occurs when the body is physically dependent on the drug and suddenly stops taking it, resulting in the appearance of a number of negative physical and psychological symptoms.
Intoxication occurs when the body is overwhelmed by the amount of the drug that has been taken. This can include both physical and mental symptoms, such as delusions, loss of motor control, and altered judgment.
Finally, cross-tolerance occurs when a person becomes tolerant to a drug similar to one that they are already dependent on. For example, if a person is dependent on alcohol, they may also become tolerant to other drugs such as sleeping pills or opiates.
What are the six major characteristics of addictive behavior?
The six major characteristics of addictive behavior are:
1. Impulsivity – Impulsive behavior is often a hallmark of addiction, where individuals are unable to control their use of a substance or activity even though it might cause them harm in the long run.
2. Obsession – People with addictions often become obsessed with the substance or activity in question. They think about it constantly, and it becomes the focus of their life.
3. Tolerance – Tolerance is the need to use increasing amounts of a substance or engage in an activity to feel the same level of pleasure. The more one continues to use or participate in the activity, the more one needs in order to get that same satisfaction.
4. Withdrawal – When an addict stops using the substance or participating in the activity they have been engaging in, they experience uncomfortable physical and psychological symptoms, such as nausea, headaches, extreme cravings, and irritability.
5. Risky behavior – People with addictions often engage in risky behaviors such as driving under the influence, shoplifting, or reckless spending.
6. Social problems – Addictions can lead to alienating loved ones, poor performance at work or school, and conflict within a social setting. In extreme cases, it can lead to financial, legal, and personal destruction.
What is addiction model?
The Addiction Model is a framework for understanding how and why people become addicted to drugs, alcohol, or any other potentially harmful substance or behavior. The Model suggests that a person becomes addicted by engaging in four distinct stages: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation and action.
Pre-contemplation is the first stage, during which a person is not aware that their substance use or behavior is causing them harm. In this stage, a person may not yet acknowledge the problem, or may believe that they can handle it without intervention.
Contemplation is the second stage, during which a person becomes aware of the consequences of their substance use or behavior, but may still be ambivalent or uncertain about seeking help. Through contemplation, a person may recognize they have a problem, but don’t believe they can handle it without help.
The third stage, preparation, is when a person finally commits to making a change and undertakes active steps towards recovery. This can be by attending therapy, seeking support from family and friends, and/or attending 12 step meetings.
The final stage of the Addiction Model is action. During this stage, a person is actively engaged in their recovery process, engaging in behaviors that foster healing, healthy relationships and a reduction in substance use.
It is only in this stage that a person can truly begin to make a meaningful, lasting recovery from their substance use or behavior.
Overall, the Addiction Model is a useful tool for understanding how and why people become addicted as well as what steps must be taken to support a person in achieving meaningful recovery.
What is an example of a case management model?
One example of a case management model is the Intensive Case Management (ICM) model, which enables case managers to provide comprehensive assistance to an individual, or a family, that is struggling with multiple complex needs.
This model utilizes the strengths and skills of the case manager to focus on the individual or the family’s strengths in an effort to promote their self-sufficiency and well-being. The case manager is expected to coordinate, advocate, and monitor available services to promote positive outcomes.
Generally, a case manager will assess the individual or family to identify the various needs and issues that are impacting their well-being, develop and implement an appropriate care plan, ensure that necessary services and supports are provided, assist with necessary referrals, provide crisis interventions, and monitor progress and outcomes.
This model incorporates a comprehensive approach focused on the strengths of the individual or family to ensure optimal outcomes.