Porsche, a brand coveted for its sleek designs and exceptional driving performance, is known for producing some of the most iconic and reliable cars in the automotive industry. The brand boasts a range of models, each with its distinct characteristics and features. However, when it comes to which Porsche model is the most reliable, the answer is not as straightforward as one would expect.
To begin with, Porsche models generally have a reputation for quality and reliability, thanks to the brand’s commitment to creating exceptional sports cars and luxury vehicles. However, some models stand out as particularly reliable and durable, based on factors like maintenance costs, frequency of repairs, and customer feedback.
One of the models that embody Porsche’s focus on reliability is the Porsche 911. The 911 has been in production since the early 1960s and has gone through numerous iterations and upgrades. Despite its age, the 911 remains a top performer and favorite among Porsche fans, in part because of its reliability.
The 911’s reputation for durability is built on the fact that it’s a relatively simple car, with a rear-engine layout, minimal electronics, and reliable engineering mechanics. Its parts are also readily available, making repairs and maintenance less expensive than some of the other Porsche models.
Another Porsche model that is known for its reliability is the Porsche Boxster. The Boxster has been around for over two decades and has a strong reputation for being a great sports car without any major issues. The Boxster’s mid-engine layout, combined with Porsche’s high-quality construction, makes it a reliable and fun-to-drive Porsche model that’s also affordable to maintain.
In terms of luxury and comfort, the Porsche Cayenne is also a reliable model, thanks to its solid build and durable components. The Cayenne is a bit more complex than some of the other Porsche models, with more electronics and advanced features, so it requires more maintenance and repairs. However, it still stands out as a reliable SUV that delivers on both comfort and performance.
Porsche has built a reputation as a brand that produces some of the most reliable and long-lasting cars in the industry. While there is no single Porsche model that is known to be the most reliable, the Porsche 911, Boxster, and Cayenne have all proven to be solid performers, delivering on the brand’s commitment to quality, durability, and performance.
the choice of which Porsche model is the most reliable will depend on the driver’s preferences, driving style, and budget.
What is the most reliable Porsche model?
Porsche is a well-known and respected brand in the automobile industry, with a reputation for precision engineering and high-quality performance. As a result, it can be challenging to pinpoint a single model as the most reliable Porsche. However, there are a few models that stand out for their reliability, durability, and overall performance.
One such legendary model is the Porsche 911, which has been in production for more than five decades, and it is often considered the quintessential Porsche model. Its outstanding engineering, power, speed, and handling have made it a favorite of car enthusiasts and racing drivers alike. Notably, the 911 has consistently ranked among the highest in reliability in various customer satisfaction surveys, thanks to the brand’s commitment to quality and durability.
Another excellent Porsche model known for its reliability is the Porsche Boxster. It is a two-seater sports car that has a perfect combination of style and performance, making it a popular choice for drivers who enjoy a thrilling ride. The Boxster has an excellent safety record and has received high ratings for reliability and durability from various car experts.
The Porsche Cayenne is a luxury SUV that has gained immense popularity in recent years. It combines luxury, comfort, and performance, making it a favorite of SUV lovers. The Cayenne is known for its exceptional handling, high-quality technology, and safety features, and it has consistently ranked among the best in reliability ratings.
The Porsche brand is renowned for its top-of-the-line engineering and quality. While there are several Porsche models to choose from, the Porsche 911, Porsche Boxster, and Porsche Cayenne have consistently stood out as the most reliable models. Investing in any of these models is sure to provide drivers with years of exceptional performance, safety, and driving satisfaction.
What is the used Porsche reliability?
Porsche has long been known for producing some of the most reliable and well-built cars on the market, and this holds true even for used Porsche vehicles. There are several factors that contribute to the overall reliability of a used Porsche, including the quality of the materials used in its construction, its engineering and design, and the level of maintenance and care it has received over the years.
One of the main factors that contribute to the overall reliability of a used Porsche is the quality of materials used in its construction. Porsche has always been known for using high-grade metal alloys and other premium materials to build their vehicles, which helps to ensure that they are more durable and longer-lasting than many other cars on the market.
Additionally, Porsche has always been at the forefront of automotive design and engineering, and their vehicles are often praised for their innovation and performance.
Another important factor that contributes to the reliability of a used Porsche is the level of maintenance and care that the vehicle has received over the years. Porsche vehicles require regular maintenance and upkeep, and if a previous owner has neglected to properly maintain the vehicle, it may be more prone to mechanical issues or other problems over time.
However, if a used Porsche has been well-maintained and cared for, it can be just as reliable as a new Porsche.
The reliability of a used Porsche can vary depending on a variety of factors, including the age and condition of the vehicle, the quality of materials used in its construction, and the level of maintenance and care it has received over the years. However, regardless of these factors, Porsche vehicles are generally known for their exceptional reliability and longevity, making them a great choice for anyone looking for a used sports car or luxury vehicle that they can enjoy for years to come.
Which Porsche is for everyday use?
Porsche is a brand that is renowned for its high-performance sports cars, but not all its models are designed solely for track use or occasional drives. In fact, there are several Porsche models that are well-suited for daily driving.
One such model is the Porsche Cayenne, which is a luxury midsize SUV. The Cayenne offers a spacious interior with comfortable seating for up to five passengers, making it an ideal family vehicle. It also has an impressive towing capacity, which can come in handy for hauling cargo or recreational equipment.
Additionally, the Cayenne has a smooth ride and excellent handling, thanks to Porsche’s advanced suspension system and all-wheel drive.
Another Porsche model that is perfect for everyday use is the Porsche Panamera. This sporty four-door sedan combines the agility of a sports car with the practicality of a luxury sedan. The Panamera has a refined and spacious interior that is suitable for long commutes, and its powerful engine delivers a thrilling driving experience.
For those who prefer a smaller car, the Porsche 911 is another possibility. The 911 is a classic sports car that has been refined and updated over the years, but it still retains its iconic design and exhilarating performance. Despite its reputation as a sports car, the 911 is also a comfortable and practical car for everyday use.
It has a surprisingly spacious interior and decent fuel economy, making it a great choice for those who want a car that is fun to drive but also practical.
Porsche has several models that are suitable for everyday use, from luxury SUVs to sporty sedans and classic sports cars. These vehicles provide a combination of performance, comfort, and practicality that make them a great choice for daily driving. Whether you are commuting to work, running errands, or heading out on a weekend road trip, a Porsche can provide the excitement and enjoyment you crave while still meeting your practical needs.
What is the average age of a Porsche 911 owner?
The average age of a Porsche 911 owner can vary depending on various factors such as the model year and location. However, based on market research data, the average age of a Porsche 911 owner tends to be between 45 to 55 years old.
One reason for this may be related to the price point of a Porsche 911. It is a high-end sports car, typically costing over $100,000 in new condition. This price range is not easily affordable for younger car buyers who are just starting their careers. Generally, people in the age range of 45 to 55 years old have had sufficient time to build their careers and accumulate wealth, making them more likely to purchase a luxury car like a Porsche 911.
Another reason for the older demographic of Porsche 911 owners could be attributed to the driving experience. The 911 is renowned for its high-performance handling and driving excitement. Older drivers may have more experience driving different types of cars, appreciating the nuances and characteristics of the 911’s driving experience.
Lastly, the Porsche brand has a heritage and reputation that attracts enthusiasts who tend to be of an older age. The 911 model, in particular, has been in production since 1963, and its classic design and handling have stood the test of time. Its loyal fan base spans generations, with older fans who may have grown up admiring and dreaming of owning a Porsche 911.
The average age of a Porsche 911 owner is generally in the range of 45 to 55 years old. This older demographic may be due to the high price point of a 911, the driving experience it offers, and the heritage and reputation of the Porsche brand.
What Porsche will hold its value?
Porsche is known for its high-performance sports cars that retain their value exceptionally well even after several years of use. However, some Porsche models have proved to be better investments than others due to various factors such as rarity, performance, and overall desirability.
One Porsche model that is likely to retain its value well is the Porsche 911. This sports car has been in production since 1963 and has a reputation for being a high-performance machine that is also comfortable and great to drive. Due to its iconic status in the automotive world, the Porsche 911 is highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts, which drives up its value.
Additionally, limited edition or special trim 911s like the GT3 and GT2 RS, are highly coveted and can command high resale prices.
Another Porsche model that is likely to hold its value is the Porsche Cayman GT4. This track-focused sports car is highly desirable due to its impressive performance, sleek design, and limited production numbers. The demand for this Porsche has caused its initial MSRP price to soar, and it continues to hold its value well.
The Porsche 718 Boxster Spyder is another model that holds its value well. This sports car offers exceptional driving dynamics, with precision steering, agile handling, and powerful acceleration. Additionally, the Boxster Spyder has limited production numbers, making it a rare and highly sought-after vehicle.
Finally, the Porsche Macan SUV is proof that not all valuable Porsches are sports cars. This luxury SUV offers a blend of sportiness and practicality, making it a highly desirable vehicle for those seeking performance and utility. The Macan has been one of Porsche’s best-selling models, and its popularity has helped to sustain its value.
Certain Porsche models are more likely to hold their value than others due to various factors such as rarity, performance, and overall desirability. The Porsche 911, Cayman GT4, 718 Boxster Spyder, and Macan SUV are all excellent examples of Porsche vehicles that are highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts, which drives up their value in the used car market.
It is advisable to consider these models, among others, when making a Porsche purchase so that you can enjoy the thrill of driving a Porsche while also making a sound investment.
What is value Porsche to buy?
Porsche is widely known as one of the most iconic and respected automotive brands in the world. The brand’s commitment to quality and innovation has made it a top choice for car enthusiasts and drivers alike. When it comes to buying a Porsche, there are several factors that contribute to its value and appeal.
First and foremost, Porsche vehicles are known for their superior engineering and exceptional performance. Whether you’re looking for a sports car or SUV, Porsche offers a range of models that deliver unmatched power, agility and handling. The brand’s signature flat-six engines, advanced suspension systems and groundbreaking technologies all work together to create an unparalleled driving experience.
In addition to their performance capabilities, Porsches are also recognized for their exceptional build quality and attention to detail. Every element of a Porsche vehicle is meticulously designed and crafted to ensure that it meets the brand’s rigorous standards for excellence. From the bodywork to the interior materials, Porsches are built to last and maintain their value over time.
Another key factor that contributes to the value of a Porsche is the brand’s reputation for innovation and technological advancement. Porsches are continuously evolving to incorporate the latest advancements in safety, convenience and connectivity features. From innovative driver assistance systems to cutting-edge infotainment systems, Porsche vehicles are equipped with some of the most advanced technologies available on the market today.
Finally, Porsches are acclaimed for their timeless design and style. The brand has a rich heritage and is widely recognized for its distinctive aesthetic, which combines classic sports car elements with modern, sleek lines. Porsche vehicles are always in style, and their iconic designs continue to inspire and captivate car enthusiasts around the world.
When it comes to value, Porsche offers an unbeatable combination of engineering excellence, outstanding build quality, advanced technologies and timeless design. Whether you’re a sports car enthusiast or looking for a luxury SUV, a Porsche is a great choice that will provide unmatched performance, style and driving enjoyment for years to come.
Which is the Porsche 911 as an investment?
Investing in a Porsche 911 can be a wise decision if you approach it with careful consideration and research. The Porsche 911 is a classic sports car that has been produced since 1963, and has gone through several generations of design changes and upgrades. A Porsche 911 can be seen as a valuable asset for several reasons, including its historical significance, rarity, and performance.
One of the main reasons why investing in a Porsche 911 can be a good decision is its historical significance. The Porsche 911 has been a beloved sports car since the 1960s, and its legacy is still prominent today. This model has been featured in numerous movies, TV shows, and video games, making it a cultural icon.
With a rich history spanning over 50 years, investing in a Porsche 911 can mean owning a piece of automotive history that will only increase in value over time.
In addition to its historical significance, the Porsche 911 is also a rarity in the automotive world, making it a highly sought-after commodity. The production of the Porsche 911 is limited, and its production runs are often short-lived, meaning that each model is unique and rare. This rarity is a significant factor in driving up the value of Porsche 911s.
Some models of the Porsche 911 have already become collectors’ items, with their values increasing steadily over time. With each passing year, the rarity of these vehicles is only expected to grow, making them more sought after by collectors, and thus driving up their value.
Finally, the performance of a Porsche 911 is second to none, making it a highly desirable investment. The Porsche 911 has always been a high-performance sports car, with each year’s update delivering better handling, speed, and acceleration. Owning a Porsche 911 means owning a sports car that delivers excitement and driving pleasure, while also holding its value as an investment.
This factor makes a Porsche 911 a suitable investment for car enthusiasts and collectors alike.
Investing in a Porsche 911 can be a wise decision if you approach it with due care and consideration. A Porsche 911 has historical significance; it is rare, and its performance is excellent, making it a valuable commodity. Whether you are a car enthusiast or a collector looking to invest your money, a Porsche 911 is a vehicle worth considering as an investment.
However, before making any investment decision, it is crucial to research and understand the market trends, the condition of the vehicle, and its seller’s reputation to make an informed decision.
Which generation of 911 is the best?
It is difficult to give a definitive answer to the question of which generation of Porsche 911 is the best, as opinions on the matter can differ depending on various factors such as personal preferences, driving styles, and intended use of the vehicle. However, we can evaluate some of the key characteristics of each generation of the 911 to get a sense of their strengths and weaknesses.
The first generation of the Porsche 911, introduced in 1964, is often considered a classic and iconic sports car, featuring a unique design with a rear-mounted engine and distinctive 911 silhouette. While it may lack some of the modern features and technology of later generations, the early 911 models offer a pure driving experience with a focus on handling, responsiveness, and driver engagement.
However, early models can also be less reliable than more recent generations, with potential issues with rust, electrical systems, and air-cooled engines that require special maintenance.
The second generation of the 911, known as the G-Series and produced from 1974 to 1989, refined the original design while retaining its classic style and handling characteristics. Improvements included larger engines, improved suspension, and a wider body that allowed for more stability and control.
However, some critics argue that the G-Series 911s began to lose some of the purity and simplicity of the earlier models, and that they suffer from similar reliability issues.
The third generation of the 911, or the 964, was introduced in 1989 and marked a significant departure from the previous generations in terms of upgrades and developments. It was the first generation to feature a modernized chassis, redesigned suspension, and all-wheel drive options. The 964 is also the last generation of air-cooled 911s, with later generations featuring water-cooled engines.
Some enthusiasts consider the 964 to be the “best of both worlds,” offering the classic style and driving experience of the early 911s with modern technology and improved performance.
The fourth generation of the 911, known as the 993, was produced from 1994 to 1998 and represented another evolution of the design and technology. One of the most notable features of the 993 was the introduction of a more aerodynamic body design, resulting in improved speed and efficiency. The 993 also featured a revised suspension system, updated brakes, and a new 6-speed gearbox.
Many consider the 993 to be the last “true” 911 before the introduction of water-cooled engines and electronic driver aids, and its popularity among enthusiasts is reflected in high prices on the used market.
The fifth generation of the 911, known as the 996, was introduced in 1998 and marked a major shift in the design and technology of the 911. While previous generations had relied on air-cooled engines, the 996 featured a water-cooled engine for improved performance and reliability. It also introduced new electronic systems such as stability control and traction control, and a sleeker, more modern body design.
However, the 996 has proven controversial among enthusiasts due to its deviation from the traditional 911 formula, and its design has been criticized for being too “watered-down” and less distinctive than earlier models.
The sixth generation of the 911, known as the 997, was produced from 2004 to 2012 and represented a refinement of the 996 platform. It featured updated styling, improved performance, and a return to some of the classic 911 design elements such as round headlights. Many consider the 997 to be one of the best examples of the modern 911, offering a balance of power, handling, and comfort that appeals to a wide range of drivers.
The current seventh generation of the 911, known as the 991, was introduced in 2011 and continues to be produced today. It features updated technology such as active aerodynamics, hybrid powertrain options, and a revised chassis design. The 991 has been praised for its refined handling and performance, as well as its modern amenities and advanced features.
However, some critics argue that the 991 has lost some of the classic 911 “soul” and character that made earlier models so iconic.
The question of which generation of the Porsche 911 is the “best” is largely a subjective matter and depends on individual preferences and priorities. Each generation of the 911 offers unique strengths and weaknesses in terms of performance, handling, reliability, and style, and the ideal generation for a particular driver may vary depending on factors such as intended use, driving style, and personal taste.
the Porsche 911 remains one of the most iconic and beloved sports cars of all time, and each generation offers its own unique contribution to the legendary brand.
Which 911 engine is best?
Choosing the “best” 911 engine is a subjective decision that ultimately depends on the individual preferences and driving habits of the driver. However, a brief overview of the most popular 911 engines can lead to better understanding of the different engine options and what each has to offer.
One iconic engine found in 911’s is the air-cooled flat-six engine, which powered the 911 for nearly 30 years. The engine had a distinctive sound and could produce significant power when tuned correctly, with displacement ranging from 2.0 liters to 3.6 liters. The air-cooled engine is considered by many as the best engine in modern 911 history as it gives the car’s drivers a sense of nostalgia and a distinct experience that only the air-cooled engine can offer.
In its modern form, the liquid-cooled flat-six engine is also a popular choice. With improved performance and fuel efficiency, but without the same nostalgic appeal as the air-cooled engine. The 3.8-liter flat-six engine found in the 911 Carrera S and GTS versions is considered by some to be a pinnacle of modern Porsche engineering, delivering exceptional performance, impressive acceleration, and linear power delivery.
The latest versions of the Carrera S and GTS have improved fuel economy and reduced CO2 emissions, making it a more environmentally-friendly engine compared to the air-cooled engines.
In addition to flat-six engines, the 911 also has a range of other engine options, including turbocharged engines and hybrid powertrains, with power outputs varying from 350 horsepower to over 700 horsepower. These engines provide excellent all-around performance and are equipped with advanced features like direct fuel injection and variable valve timing.
Choosing the best 911 engine ultimately depends on personal preferences and driving habits. Whether you prefer the nostalgic air-cooled engine or the modern liquid-cooled engine, both engines have their unique qualities that make them popular choices among Porsche enthusiasts. The turbocharged engines and hybrid powertrains may offer more impressive performance, but ultimately all engines have their own unique strengths that make the Porsche 911 one of the most sought-after sports cars on the market.
What are the bad years for Porsche 911?
Porsche 911 has been one of the most loved and iconic sports cars of all time that has been in production since 1963. While the Porsche 911 has been a timeless classic, some model years have proved to be more problematic than others, impacting their overall reputation with drivers and collectors alike.
Some of the bad years for Porsche 911 are as follows:
1. 1974-77 911: These model years were during the transition period when Porsche changed their engines from carbureted to fuel injected. The transition period resulted in a higher rate of engine issues and drivability problems, especially in cold weather conditions, resulting in stalling and hesitation.
2. 2000-2005 996 Porsche 911: This series faced major reliability issues due to the engine’s intermediate shaft bearing, which is essential for the engine’s operations. The bearing was prone to failure and could result in engine failure, requiring an entirely new engine, resulting in hefty repair costs.
3. 2009-2012 Porsche 911 997 model: These models faced significant engine issues, including a potential failure of the engine’s oil cooling system. Any deficiencies in the oil cooling system caused the engine to overheat, which resulted in significant engine damage and in some cases, engine failure.
4. 2014-2016 Porsche 911 GT3: The 911 GT3 was considered one of the best track-ready sports cars, but it was plagued with problems with its engine. The vehicles encountered a significant issue with the connecting rods causing catastrophic engine failures, often resulting in fires.
While there may be bad years for the Porsche 911, it is essential to note that the bad years of Porsche 911 are relative. Even these years had their good sides, as newer models received upgrades and improvements, making them more reliable, ensuring that driving enthusiasts could enjoy Porsche 911’s style and performance without any worries.
However, with the bad years’ incidences, Porsche resolved issues in the designs, and the vehicles improved with each year. Cars from these years remain popular and sought-after by enthusiasts and collectors.
What year was the Porsche 911 engine problem?
The Porsche 911 engine problem is a topic that has been discussed at length by automotive enthusiasts and industry experts alike. The issue can be traced back to the late 1990s when the German automaker began producing a revised version of the venerable air-cooled flat-six engine that had been the hallmark of the 911 since its introduction in 1963.
Specifically, the issue pertained to a failure of the engine’s intermediate shaft (IMS) bearing, which caused catastrophic engine failures in some cases. The failure was caused by a lack of lubrication of the bearing, leading to premature wear and ultimately failure of the engine. The issue affected both the 996 and 997 generations of the 911, which were produced between 1997 and 2012.
While the issue was not widespread, affecting only a small percentage of the cars produced, it was significant enough to cause concern among owners and enthusiasts. Porsche ultimately addressed the issue through a series of recalls, service bulletins, and revised engine designs, ultimately resolving the issue in the later models of the 911.
Despite the issue, the Porsche 911 remains one of the world’s most iconic sports cars, revered for its performance, handling, and distinctive styling. The IMS bearing issue serves as a reminder of the importance of proper vehicle maintenance and the need for automakers to address any issues that arise in a timely and effective manner.
What year 997 to avoid?
The 997 is widely regarded as one of the most successful Porsche 911 models ever created, appreciated by sports car enthusiasts and Porsche fans alike. It was produced from 2004 to 2012, offering top-notch performance, aesthetics, and innovation. It depended on the buyer’s preference, needs, and budget for the specific year and model 997 to avoid.
Therefore, it is advisable to do in-depth research, read credible reviews, and seek expert advice before purchasing a Porsche 997. Factors such as mileage, maintenance records, and accident history should also be taken into account to ensure its overall condition. It is crucial to avoid models that show evidence of neglect or abuse by previous owners.
there isn’t a particular year of the 997 to avoid entirely. Instead, it would be best to consider the overall condition and suitability of the specific model year to your needs and preferences.
Is it worth to buy a used Porsche 911?
The answer to whether it is worth buying a used Porsche 911 is subjective and depends on individual preferences, requirements, and budget. However, there are a few factors one should consider before making the final decision.
Firstly, Porsche 911 has been one of the most iconic vehicles globally and a symbol of luxury, performance, and prestige. Porsche cars are known for their exceptional build quality, reliability, excellent ride quality, and standout design. However, these features come at a cost, as Porsche 911’s are generally expensive.
If you are looking to purchase a luxury sports car on a budget, buying a used Porsche 911 would be a great option. Used Porsches cost less than new ones due to depreciation, and the savings can be significant. Additionally, a well-maintained, low-mileage Porsche 911 is expected to hold its value well, and you may be able to resell it in the future for a decent price.
Secondly, before making a decision to buy a used Porsche 911, one must consider the vehicle’s maintenance costs. Porsche cars are known for their high-performance engines and require regular maintenance, service, and repairs to function optimally. The cost of servicing a Porsche 911 may be higher than other luxury sports cars, and buyers must be prepared to spend a little extra on maintenance.
Thirdly, it is essential to know the vehicle’s history before making the final purchase. With a used Porsche 911, there’s always the risk of mechanical issues that might not be visible during the initial inspection. Therefore, it’s crucial to have a thorough mechanical inspection done by a qualified and experienced mechanic before buying the vehicle.
It can be worth buying a used Porsche 911, but it depends on the individual’s requirements, budget, and preferences. If you’re looking for a luxury sports car that is reliable, performant, and stylish, a used Porsche 911 could be a great investment. However, it’s essential to consider the cost of maintenance, the vehicle’s history, and have a comprehensive pre-purchase inspection done before making the final decision.
How many miles is too many for used Porsche 911?
The number of miles that are considered “too many” for a used Porsche 911 can vary depending on several factors. It ultimately depends on the maintenance and care the vehicle has received throughout its lifespan, as well as its overall condition.
Typically, Porsche cars are known for being durable and reliable, and the 911 model is no exception. This iconic sports car has a reputation for being one of the most beloved and well-crafted vehicles on the market, so even with high mileage, it can still offer a lot of value to its owner.
However, when it comes to buying a used Porsche 911, there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, the higher the mileage on the car, the more potential for wear and tear on its components. The engine, chassis, and drivetrain can all begin to show signs of wear and require costly repairs as the car approaches and exceeds certain mileage thresholds.
Additionally, the age of the car can also factor into the equation. An older car with high mileage may be more prone to rust, corrosion, and other age-related issues, which can make it more difficult to keep in good condition.
Taking all of these factors into consideration, it is generally recommended to look for a used Porsche 911 with no more than 100,000 miles on the odometer. However, this is just a guideline and not a hard and fast rule. The important thing is to thoroughly inspect the car for any signs of damage or wear and tear, and to have a trusted mechanic perform a full inspection before making a purchase.
The decision of how many miles is too many for a used Porsche 911 will depend on the individual car’s condition, maintenance history, and how it has been driven. With proper care and attention, even a well-loved Porsche with high mileage can continue to provide many years of enjoyment and driving pleasure.